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Two-Storey Upper Pavilion (Ujingak)
The Ujingak is a two-storey wooden pavilion with a hip roof that crowns the stone platform of Sungnyemun. Before its destruction in the 2008 fire, it was Seoul's oldest wooden structure. The building was completely devastated by the flames and underwent reconstruction between 2010 and 2013, during which 34 per cent of the original materials were reused. What to see here includes the faithfully restored wooden architecture and the historic platform beneath.
Central Arch with Blue Dragon (Hongye)
The hongye is the main central arch that pierces the masonry platform of Sungnyemun, forming the passageway through the gate. Inside the arch vault, you'll find a striking mural depicting a blue dragon—the most distinctive artistic feature and symbolically significant element of the entire structure. This ornamental detail underscores the gate's importance within Seoul's traditional architecture.
Japsang Roof Tile Figures
The roof eaves of Sungnyemun display a row of nine small japsang figurines—carved animal and human figures that serve a protective purpose. Far more than mere decoration, these symbolic guardians were believed to ward off evil spirits and malevolent influences from the building. Each japsang occupies its place along the ridge in a carefully arranged sequence, reflecting traditional Korean architectural principles that merged aesthetics with spiritual safeguarding. What to see: examine the intricate detail of each figure, which typically depicts creatures from Buddhist and Confucian tradition.
- 1.Two-Storey Upper Pavilion (Ujingak)
- 2.Central Arch with Blue Dragon (Hongye)
- 3.Japsang Roof Tile Figures
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Kids version available with adapted and fun language for the little ones (7 min)
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